Textile materials differ not only in the type of raw materials, but also in the method of their production. Crepe and satin, for example, are made on looms. Non-woven fabrics are formed by mechanical, chemical, thermal and other bonding of threads. Jersey, like other knitwear, is produced by knitting.
What is jersey
This is a universal fabric from which almost everything is sewn: from the finest underwear to warm cardigans and coats. Visually, vertical “braids” are clearly visible on the front side, and horizontal lines on the back side.
Thanks to the special weave of the jersey threads:
- soft;
- stretches well in width;
- almost does not wrinkle.
The base, consisting of rows and columns of loops, is often interspersed with additional elements. They can reduce stretchability or add hairiness.
Important! Jersey has another characteristic feature by which it can be distinguished from other materials.When the untreated transverse edge is stretched, it curls into a tube.
Description of the varieties of jersey fabric
Nowadays, almost any raw material can be used to produce this material. Depending on it, the appearance, quality and properties of the textile product vary.
Wool fabric
Initially, it was made exclusively from sheep's wool on the Norman island of the same name, located in the English Channel. A hundred years ago, only insulated underwear was made from it. Thanks to Madame Chanel, who was able to evaluate the consumer properties of the fabric, the range of jersey clothing has expanded significantly. Nowadays, depending on the thickness of the threads, they are used to make dresses, men's and women's suits, and outerwear.
Natural knitwear
Jersey silk has the finest, softest and most delicate texture and drapes beautifully. Translucent, with a beautiful noble shine, it is ideal for making summer dresses, blouses, tunics and underwear. Adaptation of matter to the surrounding temperature allows the body to feel pleasant freshness in hot weather and warmth in cool weather. The only disadvantage of silk jersey is its high price.
Cotton and linen compounds are quite soft and durable. They are not translucent, but allow air to pass through and absorb moisture well. They drape worse than silk, but for children's clothing this is the best option. Used for sewing both summer and demi-season items.
Artificial and synthetic species
Viscose is a fabric made from recycled wood - cellulose. In terms of its characteristics, it is inferior to natural ones only in strength and hygroscopicity. Smooth, breathable, it lays in beautiful waves and folds and does not irritate the skin.In addition, just like silk, it has the ability to regulate heat transfer.
Synthetic jersey is also quite popular. They are products of processing of the oil and gas and coal industries. The most common:
- polyester;
- acrylic (artificial wool);
- nylon;
- polyamide.
They, like viscose, drape easily, and also do not wrinkle at all and almost do not tear. However, moisture and air are not allowed to pass through at all, thereby creating a greenhouse effect for the body. In addition, their appearance very quickly loses its original appearance, especially if the fabric was not subjected to special additional processing at the production stage.
Jersey blends
They are the most common in the modern textile industry. Homogeneous fabrics can be combined with each other, for example:
- wool 50%, linen 50%;
- polyester 95%, elastane 5%.
However, most often dissimilar materials are mixed:
- wool and acrylic;
- cotton and polyester;
- viscose, polyamide and spandex.
By adding synthetic components to natural and artificial fabrics, manufacturers achieve cheaper products. Its wear resistance, elasticity and antibacterial properties also improve. However, mixed materials are less permeable to moisture and air, are not always pleasant to the body, and can even provoke allergies.
By the way! The more synthetics a jersey contains, the more likely it is to form pills. The loose structure of matter also contributes to this unpleasant phenomenon, due to which the thing loses its presentability.
Jersey is a great base for any type of clothing. However, when purchasing it, you need to carefully study the composition. All the necessary information is indicated in a special insert sheet that accompanies each roll of material available from the seller.With a finished product, everything is much simpler: the composition is indicated on the clothing label. The optimal combination, based on the advantage of natural fibers with a small percentage of “useful” synthetics, will result in a beautiful, practical and reliable item.
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