Velours

Velours (translated from French means velvet) is one of the varieties of pile fabrics that are quite often used for sewing home and sportswear, as well as theatrical costumes. In addition, this fabric is used in the production of upholstered furniture. This material, of course, is not the most practical (due to its structure, hairs and specks easily attach to it), but it is very beautiful, for which it is valued.

Velor fabrics are made from natural fibers of cotton, silk and wool. Modern technologies make it possible to create velor with remarkable characteristics and aesthetic appearance not only from natural raw materials, but also with the addition of synthetic fiber, lycra or polyester.

Mode of production

There are two methods used in the textile industry for producing velor materials, namely:

Double-panel. This technological process is quite complex, since it involves three systems, each of which includes five threads. Four threads create two warps in pairs.But the fifth is necessary to combine the created foundations. To finish, a cut is made in the middle of the resulting canvases, as a result of which two canvases are obtained with a velvety coating on the front side and absolutely smooth on the back. Prutkovy. In this case, additional fibers are knitted into many loops into the base, resulting in the formation of a very thick pile when cutting the fabric. Additional threads are drawn using superimposed rods. Then the rods are removed before cutting.

Types of material

Based on their appearance characteristics, fleecy fabrics can be classified into:

• Smooth with a uniform surface. In this case, the pile is positioned strictly vertically.
• Shaped. The fibers of this type of velor do not create a single surface, remaining smooth in some places.
• Having embossing. In this case, some areas of the fleecy surface are laid in a certain way. Thus, ornaments and designs are created on the canvas.
• Smoothly colored. The canvas is painted in only one color. This velor is often used in draperies, since the combination of a fleecy surface and one shade allows you to create an interesting play of light and shadow.
• Printed. In this case, the canvas has a colorful pattern.

In addition to appearance, classification is made based on the raw materials used for production. So it is worth highlighting the following types of velor:

• Cotton. In this case, only cotton fibers are used in production. Sometimes synthetic threads can be added to improve properties.
• Woolen. These include drape and felt fabrics.These fabrics are based on cloth yarn, which is combed to obtain a pile of short length and high density.
• Drape velor. In this case, the highest quality wool is used as raw material. In addition, satin weaving is used in the manufacture of the fabric. All this is done with this type of velor fabric, a very expensive material.
• Furniture. They are characterized by increased resistance to mechanical stress, which makes them an almost ideal upholstery material for furniture and even some other surfaces.
• Auto velor. To improve the strength characteristics of fabrics, it is achieved by impregnating the fibers with a special composition. This makes the fabric resistant to abrasion, making it suitable for car seat upholstery and other interior surfaces.
• Jacquard. Unlike other types of velor they have an original three-dimensional pattern. Its pile is long, which makes this material suitable for pillowcases, decorative pillows used to complement the interior, and covering mattresses.